1. Course Overview

This course examines the legal framework regulating armed conflict, focusing on the protection of persons who are not or are no longer participating in hostilities. It emphasizes the Geneva Conventions, customary IHL, and accountability mechanisms for violations.

2. Course Content

• Introduction to IHL and distinction from human rights law
• Sources of IHL (treaties and customary law)
• Geneva Conventions and Additional Protocols
• Classification of armed conflicts (IACs and NIACs)
• Principles of distinction, proportionality, and necessity
• Protection of civilians, detainees, and medical personnel
• War crimes and accountability mechanisms
• Role of the ICC and ad hoc tribunals
• Contemporary issues (asymmetric warfare, autonomous weapons)

3. Learning Outcomes & Acquired Skills

Knowledge Outcomes

• Understanding of core IHL principles and treaties
• Knowledge of conflict classification rules
• Awareness of war crimes and accountability frameworks

Professional Skills

• Legal qualification of armed conflict scenarios
• Analysis of compliance with IHL principles
• Drafting legal opinions on conduct of hostilities

Practical Competencies

• Assessing legality of military operations
• Identifying potential war crimes
• Applying IHL rules to real case studies and conflict situations